HABER SPRINGS, Mich. — Zvese zvakatanga muna 1990, apo dunhu riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweLower Peninsula raive nenzvimbo mbiri dzekuchengetera zvinhu zvakashandiswa pakutsvagazve zvinhu dzakabhadharwa nemitero midiki yemakore maviri.
Nhasi uno, chirongwa cheEmmett County chekuvandudza mashandiro ezvekushandisa patsva chakura kusvika pakuva mari inosvika mamiriyoni emadhora kuvanhu vanopfuura 33,000 vari munharaunda iyi, vachitengesa zviuru zvematani ezvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve kumakambani ari muMichigan neGreat Lakes kuti vagadzire zvigadzirwa zvitsva. Vakatowana nzira yekudzokorodza mabhegi epurasitiki ekutenga.
Nyanzvi dzinoti chirongwa cheNorth chave nemakore makumi matatu chichishandiswa chinogona kushanda semuenzaniso wemabhiri masere ari kumirira dare reparamende renyika ayo anogona kubatsira Michigan County kuvaka nzira dzakawanda dzekudzokorodza marara, kuderedza nzvimbo dzekurasira marara uye kuwana pundutso mukukura kwenzvimbo. Kusimudzira hupfumi hwezvinhu zvinogona kudzokorodzwa kushandiswa uye zvinogadziriswa manyowa.
"Vakaratidza kuti mari inoshandiswa neveruzhinji mumhando iyi yezvivakwa inobatsira - mubasa reveruzhinji rinokosha, uye 90 muzana yezvinhu zvavanounganidza kuburikidza nechirongwa chavo chekudzokorodza zvinhu zvinotengeswa kumakambani ari muMichigan," akadaro Kerrin O'Brien, mukuru wesangano risingabatsiri reMichigan Recycling Alliance.
PaHarbour Springs facility, ruoko rwerobhoti runokurumidza kuyambuka bhandi rekutakura zvinhu riri kufamba, ruchibvisa mapurasitiki emhando yepamusoro, magirazi nearuminiyamu mumabhani ekurongedza. Rukova rwakasanganiswa rwemagaba runoyerera rwuchitenderera kusvika robhoti raburitsa zvese zvinogona kushandiswazve nemapiki makumi mapfumbamwe paminiti; rumwe rutivi rwezvinhu mune imwe imba ndimo munoiswa vashandi mapepa, mabhokisi kubva pabhandi rekutakura zvinhu riri kufamba uye bhegi.
Sisitimu iyi ndiyo mugumo wemakore ekudyara mari muchirongwa chinoshandira nzvimbo ine matunhu akawanda, icho vakuru vakuru vanoti chakavaka tsika yemunharaunda yekudzokorodza marara mudzimba, mabhizinesi nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji.
Huwandu hwekushandiswazve kwezvinhu muMichigan huri kuderera zvakanyanya muhuwandu hwenyika ne19 muzana, uye kuwedzera kwekutora chikamu kuchaderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni uye kuswedera pedyo nezvinangwa zvitsva zvemamiriro ekunze zvehurumende. Sainzi inoratidza kuti magasi ekupisa akadai secarbon dioxide nemethane anobata kupisa mumhepo uye anobatsira mukudziya kwepasi rose nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
MuMichigan, mitemo pamusoro pezvinogona kudzokororwa inyaya yekuti nharaunda kana mabhizinesi ega ndiwo anogadzira mapurogiramu uye kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvavanosarudza kugamuchira. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoshandisa mapurasitiki akati wandei chete, dzimwe dzinongoshandisa makadhibhodhi ebrown, uye dzimwe nzvimbo hadzisi kupa madzokororo zvachose.
Musiyano uripo pakati pekuedza kudzokorodza zvinhu muEmmett County nedzimwe nzvimbo muMichigan ndewekugara kwenguva refu uye mari inoshandiswa mukuvandudza zvinhu zvakare uye hukama hwenguva refu nemabhizinesi anoshandisazve zvinhu zvakare. Pendi yelatex, matiresi akamboshandiswa uye magirobhu emwenje e fluorescent zvakatowana mashandisirwo matsva, vakuru vakuru vakadaro.
"Vanhu vaitungamira Emmett County panguva iyoyo vaitarisira mberi mukuedza kukurudzira kudzokorodza marara," akadaro Andy Torzdorf, mukuru wechirongwa. "Vakaisa kudzokorodza marara muchirongwa chavo chekuchengetedza marara, saka kubva pakutanga, Emmett County yaifunga nezvekudzokorodza marara."
Nzvimbo yeHarbour Springs inzvimbo yekutamisira marara, iyo inotumirwa marara kunzvimbo yakabvumiranwa, uye nzvimbo yekudzokorodza marara ine migero miviri. Mutemo wedunhu unoda kuti marara ese emumba apfuure nepanzvimbo iyi uye kuti vese vanotakura marara vabhadhare muripo wakafanana wemarara.
"Vagari vanogona kudzokorodza zvinhu mahara. Marara haasi, saka pane chikonzero chekudzokorodza zvinhu. Saka izvozvo pachazvo zvinopa vagari chikonzero chekudzokorodza zvinhu - kutenga kudzokorodza zvinhu," akadaro Torzdorf.
Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti muna 2020, nzvimbo iyi yakagadzira matani 13,378 emidziyo inogona kushandiswazve, ayo akaiswa mumarori, ndokuzotumirwa nekutengeswa kumabhizinesi akasiyana-siyana kuti ashandise zvinhu izvi. Zvinhu izvi zvakazopedzisira zvava magaba ekuchenesa mbatya, matireyi emiti, mabhodhoro emvura, mabhokisi ezviyo, uye kunyange mapepa echimbuzi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvitsva.
Makambani mazhinji anotenga zvinhu zvakadzokororwa zveEmmet County ari muMichigan kana kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeGreat Lakes.
Aruminiyamu inoenda kunzvimbo yeGaylord yekuchengetera tsvina; mapurasitiki nhamba 1 ne2 anotumirwa kukambani iri muDundee kugadzira mapurasitiki, ayo anozoshandurwa kuita sipo nemabhodhoro emvura; makadhibhodhi nebhodhi rezvirongo zvinotumirwa kukambani iri muUpper Peninsula Kraft mills nemugadziri wezvikafu muKalamazoo, pakati pezvimwe; makatoni nemakapu zvinotumirwa kumugadziri wematishu muCheboygan; mafuta emota anonatswazve muSaginaw; magirazi anotumirwa kukambani iri muChicago kugadzira mabhodhoro, insulation uye abrasives; magetsi anotumirwa kunzvimbo dzekuputsa muWisconsin; uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzezvimwe zvinhu.
Varongi vemapurojekiti vakatokwanisa kuwana nzvimbo muVirginia kwavaigona kutenga mabhegi epurasitiki nemapaketi efirimu—zvinhu zvinozivikanwa kuti zvakaoma kubata nekuti zvinogona kusanganiswa nemidziyo yekurongedza. Mabhegi epurasitiki anogadzirwa kuita huni dzakasanganiswa kuti dzishongedze.
Vanova nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvinogamuchirwa neEmmet County Recycling "zvinodzokororwa uye zvinogona kushandiswazve," akadaro Tolzdorf. Havagamuchire chero chinhu chisina musika wakasimba, izvo zvaakataura zvinoreva kuti hapana Styrofoam.
"Zvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa zvese zvinoenderana nemusika wezvinhu, saka mamwe makore zvinodhura uye mamwe makore zvinodhura. Muna 2020 takawana mari inosvika $500,000 tichitengesa zvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa uye muna 2021 takawana mari inodarika $100 miriyoni," akadaro Tolzdorf.
"Zvinoratidza kuti musika uchasiyana zvechokwadi. Dzakadzikira zvakanyanya muna 2020; dzakadzokera pakukwirira kwemakore mashanu muna 2021. Saka hatigone kuisa mari yedu yese pakutengesa zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve, Asi kana zvakanaka, zvakanaka uye zvinotibatsira, uye kana dzimwe nguva zvisina kudaro, chiteshi chekutakura vanhu chichafanira kutibatsira uye kutakura mari yedu."
Nzvimbo yekutamisira marara mudunhu iri yaibata marara emumba anosvika 125,000 cubic yards muna 2020, zvichiwana mari inosvika mamiriyoni maviri nehafu emadhora ($2.8 miriyoni).
Kuwedzerwa kwemidziyo yekutsvagisa marobhoti muna 2020 kwakawedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwevashandi ne60 muzana uye kwakawedzera kubatwa kwezvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa ne11 muzana, Tolzdorf akadaro. Izvi zvakaita kuti nguva yakawanda yekushanda yechirongwa ichi ishandiswe semabasa enguva yakazara ane mabhenefiti edunhu.
Makore ekuedza kwemasangano maviri kwakaitwa nehurumende dzekare nedzemazuva ano kugadzirisa mitemo yeMichigan yekurasa marara kwakaguma nehurongwa hwemitemo hwakanangana nekusimudzira kudzokorodza, kugadzira manyowa uye kushandiswazve kwezvinhu. Mabhiri aya akapasiswa neDare reParamende muchirimo cha2021 asi kubvira ipapo akamiswa muSeneti pasina hurukuro dzekomiti kana kunzwa.
Mishumo yakawanda inoburitswa nehurumende inoongorora nyaya iyi uye inofungidzira kuti vagari vemuMichigan vanobhadhara mari inodarika bhiriyoni imwe chete yemadhora pagore kuti vachengetedze marara avo. Pamarara aya emumba, zvinhu zvinodzokororwa zvemadhora mazana matanhatu emamiriyoni zvinoguma zvaiswa mumarara gore rega rega.
Chikamu chemutemo uri kumirira chichada kuti matunhu agadzirise mapurogiramu avo aripo ekurasira marara kuti aenderane nezvirongwa zvemazuva ano zvekutarisira zvinhu, kuisa zviyero zvekugadzirisa marara, uye kukurudzira kushandira pamwe kwedunhu kuti pave nenzvimbo dzekudzokorodza marara panzvimbo dzacho. Hurumende ichapa mari yekubatsira kuronga uku.
Matunhu eMarquette neEmmett mienzaniso yakanaka yekuedza kwedunhu kupa mabasa, akadaro Liz Browne, director weMaterials Management Division kuMichigan Department of the Environment, Great Lakes and Energy. Dzimwe nharaunda muMichigan dzinogonawo kugadzira mapurogiramu akasimba ekudzokorodza uye kugadzira manyowa anobatsira hupfumi nenharaunda, akadaro.
"Kudzorera chimwe chinhu pabasa hakuna zvakunobatsira pane kutanga nezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Dai takabudirira kugadzira zvinhu muMichigan uye kuva nemusika muMichigan, taizoderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwedu pakutumira zvinhu," akadaro Brown.
Browne naO'Brien vose vakati mamwe makambani eMichigan haana kukwanisa kuwana zvekudya zvakakwana zvakadzokororwa mukati memiganhu yenyika. Vanofanira kutenga zvinhu izvi kubva kune dzimwe nyika kana kuCanada.
Karl Hatopp, maneja wezvekutengeswa kwezvinhu kuTABB Packaging Solutions muDundee, akati kutora zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa kubva mumarara eMichigan kuchabatsira mabhizinesi anovimba nekutenga zvinhu zvekugadzira mushure mekutenga. Emmett County, iyo yave ichitengesa mapurasitiki ari panhamba 1 ne2 kwemakore makumi maviri, yatangawo kutenga zvinhu zvitsva kubva kunzvimbo dzinodzokororwa zvinhu muMarquette neAnn Arbor, akadaro.
Hartop akati mapurasitiki anogona kushandiswazve anopatsanurwa kuita resin inoshandiswa mushure mekushandiswa, kana kuti "pellet," iyo inozotengeswa kune vagadziri vekuWestland nevamwe vari muOhio neIllinois, uko anogadzirwa kuita magaba ekuchenesa mbatya nemabhodhoro emvura eAbsopure.
"Kana tichigona kutengesa zvinhu zvakawanda (kubva mukati) meMichigan, tinowedzera kubudirira," akadaro. "Kana tikakwanisa kutenga zvakawanda muMichigan, tinogona kutenga zvishoma munzvimbo dzakadai seCalifornia kana Texas kana Winnipeg."
Kambani iyi inoshanda nemamwe mabhizinesi eDundee akakura kubva muindasitiri yekudzokorodza zvinhu. Imwe ikambani ye cleantech, uko Hartop anoti akashanda kwemakumi emakore.
“Clean Tech yakatanga nevashandi vana uye ikozvino tine vashandi vanopfuura 150. Saka zvechokwadi, inyaya yekubudirira,” akadaro. “Patinowedzera kudzokorodza, tinowedzera mabasa muMichigan, uye mabasa iwayo anoramba ari muMichigan. Saka, sezvatiri, kuwedzera kudzokorodza zvinhu chinhu chakanaka.”
Chimwe chezvinangwa zveMI Healthy Climate Plan ichangopedzwa ndechekuwedzera mwero wekudzokorodza zvinhu kusvika pa45 muzana panosvika gore ra2030 uye kuderedza marara ezvekudya nepakati. Matanho aya ndeimwe yenzira idzo chirongwa ichi chinoda kuti Michigan iwane hupfumi husina kabhoni panosvika gore ra2050.
Ziva kune vaverengi: Kana ukatenga chimwe chinhu uchishandisa imwe yemalink edu ekubatana, tinogona kuwana komisheni.
Kunyoresa kana kushandisa saiti iyi zvinoreva kugamuchira Chibvumirano chedu cheMushandisi, Mutemo weKuchengetedza Ruzivo uye Chirevo cheKuki uye Kodzero Dzako dzeKuchengetedza Ruzivo muCalifornia (Chibvumirano cheMushandisi chakagadziridzwa 1/1/21. Mutemo weKuchengetedza Ruzivo uye Chirevo cheKuki chakagadziridzwa 5/1/2021).
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Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-06-2022