Arielle McCain, ane makore 24 ekuberekwa, anoendesa gwaro musi wa18 Zvita 2018, muCambridge, Massachusetts. Vatsigiri vezvakatipoteredza nenyanzvi dzemarara vanoti mabhegi matsva epurasitiki eAmazon, ayo asingakwanise kudzokororwa mumabhini ekudzokorodza ari padivi pemugwagwa, ari kukanganisa zvakanyanya. (Pat Greenhouse/The Boston Globe)
Mugore rapfuura, Amazon yakaderedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvaiiswa mumabhokisi emakadhibhodhi vachisarudza tsamba dzepurasitiki dzakareruka, izvo zvakabvumira hofori iyi kuti ikwanise kuisa mapakeji akawanda mumarori ekutakura zvinhu nendege.
Asi vanorwira kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nenyanzvi dzemarara vanoti mhando itsva dzemabhegi epurasitiki asingakwanise kudzokororwa mumabhini ekudzokorodza ari padivi pemugwagwa ari kukanganisa zvakanyanya.
"Kurongedza kweAmazon kune matambudziko akafanana nemabhegi epurasitiki, ayo asingakwanise kurongedzwa musystem yedu yekudzokorodza zvinhu uye kuvharirwa mumichina," akadaro Lisa Se, maneja wechirongwa kuKing County Solid Waste Division, iyo inotarisira kudzokorodza zvinhu muKing County, Washington. Lisa Sepanski akadaro.., uko kune muzinda weAmazon. "Zvinoda basa kuti zvibviswe. Vanofanira kumisa muchina."
Mwaka wezororo wechangobva kupfuura uyu wanga wakabatikana zvikuru mukutengeserana kwepaindaneti, zvichireva kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinotumirwa - zvichikonzera kurasika kwakawanda kwemapakeji. Senzira iri shure kwehafu yekutengeserana kwepaindaneti muna 2018, Amazon ndiyo kambani huru yekutakura marara uye kugadzira marara, uye ndiyo inonyanya kugadzira mafashoni, sekureva kwe eMarketer, zvichireva kuti kuchinja kwayo kuenda kutsamba dzepurasitiki kunogona kuratidza shanduko muindasitiri yese. Vamwe vatengesi vanoshandisa tsamba dzepurasitiki dzakafanana vanosanganisira Target, iyo yakaramba kutaura.
Dambudziko netsamba dzepurasitiki rine zvinhu zviviri: dzinofanira kudzokororwa imwe neimwe, uye kana dzikazopedzisira dzaita sedzakajairika, dzinogona kukanganisa sisitimu yekudzokorodza zvinhu uye kudzivirira kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvisadzokororwe. Vatsigiri vezvakatipoteredza vanoti Amazon, hofori yeindasitiri, inofanirwa kukurudzira vatengi kuti vadzokorodze tsamba dzepurasitiki, nekupa dzidzo yakawanda nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuita izvozvo.
"Tave tichishanda nesimba kuti tivandudze nzira dzedu dzekurongedza nekudzokorodza zvinhu uye taderedza marara epasi rose ekurongedza neanopfuura 20 muzana muna 2018," akadaro mutauriri weAmazon Melanie Janin, achiwedzera kuti Amazon inopa ruzivo rwekudzokorodza zvinhu pawebhusaiti yayo. (CEO weAmazon Jeff Bezos ndiye muridzi weThe Washington Post.)
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzemarara dzinoti chinangwa cheAmazon chekuderedza makadhibhodhi akakura ndicho chiito chakakodzera. Tsamba dzepurasitiki dzine zvimwe zvakanakira nharaunda. Zvichienzaniswa nemabhokisi, dzinotora nzvimbo shoma mumakontena nemarori, izvo zvinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekutumira. Kugadzirwa, kushandiswa uye kuraswa kwepurasitiki kunoburitsa magasi mashoma ekupisa uye kunodya mafuta mashoma pane makadhibhodhi akadzokororwa, akadaro David Allawi, muongorori mukuru wezvemitemo wechirongwa chekutarisira zvinhu paOregon Department of Environmental Quality.
Mapurasitiki akachipa uye anogara kwenguva refu zvekuti makambani mazhinji anoashandisa pakurongedza. Asi vatengi vanowanzoisa mabhegi epurasitiki mubhini rekudzokorodza. Nyanzvi dzinoti tsamba dzepurasitiki dzinonzvenga pfungwa dzemichina yekuronga uye dzinoisa mabhero epepa anozodzokorodzwa, zvichisvibisa pasuru yese, zvichipfuura mhedzisiro yakanaka yekuderedza kutumirwa kwemakadhibhodhi akawanda. Mapepa anoshandiswa kutenga mitengo yakakwira mumusika wepasi rose uye ave achibatsira kwenguva refu muindasitiri yekudzokorodza. Asi mabhero akaoma kutengesa—mazhinji anotumirwa kunodzokorodzwa nekuda kwemitemo yakaoma muChina—zvokuti makambani mazhinji ekudzokorodza eWest Coast anofanira kuarasa. (Kurongedza ingori imwe yenzvimbo yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kubva mumabhegi epepa kuti adzokorodzwe.)
"Sezvo kurongedza kwacho kwava kuoma uye kureruka, tinofanira kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakawanda zvishoma nezvishoma kuti tiwane goho rakafanana. Purofiti yakakwana here? Mhinduro nhasi ndeyekuti kwete," akadaro Pete Keller, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wezvekudzokorodza kuRepublic Services. , kambani iyi ndeimwe yemakambani makuru anofambisa marara muUnited States. "Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri zuva nezuva kunoda vashandi vakawanda uye kunoda kugadziriswa, uye zvechokwadi kunodhura."
Mumakore gumi apfuura, Amazon yakaderedza kurongedza kusingakoshi, kurongedza zvigadzirwa mumabhokisi avo ekutanga pese pazvinogoneka, kana mupakeji yakapfava zvikuru. Janin wekuAmazon akati kambani yakachinja kushandisa mapurasitiki akareruka mugore rapfuura sechikamu chekuedza kukuru kuderedza marara ekurongedza uye mari yekushandisa. Janin anonyora kuti Amazon "parizvino iri kuwedzera kugona kwetsamba dzinodzokororwa zvizere dzinogona kudzokororwa muchikamu chekudzokororwa kwemapepa."
Imwe yemakambani mashoma eFortune 500 asinganyore mushumo wekutarisira magariro evanhu kana wekuchengetedza nharaunda, kambani iyi iri muSeattle inoti chirongwa chayo chekurongedza "chisina kushushikana" chaderedza marara ekurongedza ne16 muzana uye chakabvisa kudiwa kwemabhokisi ekutumira anopfuura mamiriyoni 305.2017.
"Semaonero angu, kuchinja kwavo kurongedza zvinhu zvinochinjika kunokonzerwa nemutengo uye mashandiro azvo, asiwo kuderera kwekabhoni," akadaro Nina Goodrich, director weSustainable Packaging Alliance. Anotarisira logo yeHow2Recycle, iyo yakatanga kuoneka pamapepa epurasitiki eAmazon muna Zvita 2017, sedanho rekudzidzisa vatengi.
Rimwe dambudziko netsamba itsva dzakazadzwa nepurasitiki nderekuti Amazon nevamwe vatengesi vanoisa mazita ekero dzemapepa, zvichiita kuti asakodzere kudzokororwa, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzekusiya mabhuku muzvitoro. Mataera anofanira kubviswa kuti mapepa aparadzaniswe nepurasitiki kuitira kuti zvinhu zvacho zvigone kudzokororwa.
"Makambani anogona kutora zvinhu zvakanaka ozvigadzira kuti zvisadzokororwe zvichibva pane zvinyorwa, zvinonamira kana inki," akadaro Goodrich.
Parizvino, tsamba idzi dzeAmazon dzakazadzwa nepurasitiki dzinogona kudzokororwa kana vatengi vabvisa label voendesa tsamba kunzvimbo yekudonhedza kunze kwecheni. Mushure mekuchenesa, kuomesa uye kuita polymer, purasitiki inogona kunyungudutswa yogadzirwa huni dzakasanganiswa kuti dzipfekerwe. Maguta anorambidza mabhegi epurasitiki, seguta reSeattle kuAmazon, ane nzvimbo shoma dzekudonhedza.
Sekureva kwe2017 Closed-Loop Report on Recycling in the US, 4 muzana chete yemapurasitiki akaunganidzwa mudzimba dzekuUS anodzokororwa kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvekutora muzvitoro zvegrocery nezvitoro zvikuru. Imwe 96% inoshanduka kuita marara, kunyangwe ikakandwa mu recycling padivi pemugwagwa, inozopedzisira yava mudura remarara.
Dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuti makambani atore mutoro mukuru wezvemari nekutarisira zvigadzirwa zvavo mushure mekunge vatengi vazvishandisa. Muhurongwa uhu, makambani anobhadharwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemarara anowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvavo uye chikonzero chekurongedza.
Kuti iite zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutemo, Amazon inobhadhara mari idzi mune dzimwe nyika dziri kunze kweUnited States. Amazon yatove pasi pehurongwa hwakadaro muCanada, sekureva kwesangano risingabatsiri reCanadian Managed Services Alliance, iro rinotsigira zvirongwa mumapurovhinzi.
Mumitemo yakawanda yekudzokorodza marara muUS, zvinodiwa zvakadaro hazvisati zvafarirwa nehurumende yemubatanidzwa, kunze kwezvinhu zvakakosha, zvine chepfu uye zvine chepfu zvakaita semagetsi nemabhatiri.
Nyanzvi dzakakurudzira kuti machira chaiwo ayo Amazon inochengetera vatengi kuti vadzosere zvigadzirwa anogona kugamuchira mapakeji akamboshandiswa, vachiwedzera kuti Amazon inogona kuzvipira kudzokorodza mapurasitiki kuti ashandiswe mune ramangwana mutsamba yayo yekutumira.
"Vanogona kuita kugoverwa kwezvakasiyana, vachidzosa zvinhu muhurongwa hwavo hwekugoverwa. Nzvimbo idzi dzekuunganidzira dziri kuva dzakakosha zvikuru kuti zvive nyore kune vatengi," akadaro Scott Cassell, mukuru weInstitute for Product Management, iyo yakaita ongororo iyi. Ndizvo zvakaitawo kambani yakatarisana nekuderedza kukanganisa kwezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nevatengi kunharaunda. "Asi zvichavatorera mari."
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-29-2022