Zvakare, mapurasitiki aratidza kuve akazara mugungwa.Kunyura kuzasi kweMariana Trench, iyo inonzi yakasvika 35,849 tsoka, muzvinabhizinesi weDallas Victor Vescovo akati akawana bhegi repurasitiki.Ino haisi kana yekutanga: ino inguva yechitatu iyo plastiki yakawanikwa munzvimbo yakadzika yegungwa.
Vescovo akanyura mubathyscaphe musi wa28 Kubvumbi sechikamu cherwendo rwake rwe“Kudzika Zvishanu”, kunosanganisira rwendo rwekuenda kunzvimbo dzakadzika dzemakungwa epasi.Munguva yemaawa mana eVescovo pazasi peMariana Trench, akaona marudzi akati wandei ezvipenyu zvemugungwa, imwe yacho inogona kunge iri mhando nyowani - bhegi repurasitiki uye zvihwitsi wrappers.
Vashoma vasvika pakadzika dzika kudaro.Injiniya wekuSwitzerland, Jacques Piccard uye US Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh ndivo vaive vekutanga muna 1960. National Geographic explorer and filmmaker James Cameron akanyura pasi pegungwa muna 2012. Cameron akarekodha kudhibha kusvika pakadzika 35,787 tsoka, pfupi pfupi yemamita makumi matanhatu nemaviri. iyo Vescovo yaiti yakasvika.
Kusiyana nevanhu, plastiki inodonha nyore nyore.Pakutanga gore rino, ongororo yakaratidza mamphipods kubva kumatanho matanhatu akadzika-mugungwa, kusanganisira maMariana, uye akawana kuti ese akange amwisa microplastics.
Chidzidzo chakaburitswa muna Gumiguru 2018 chakanyora purasitiki yakadzika inozivikanwa - bhegi rekutenga risina kusimba - rakawana 36,000 tsoka pakadzika muMariana Trench.Masayendisiti akazviwana nekuongorora Deep Sea Debris Database, iyo ine mafoto nemavhidhiyo e5,010 dive mumakore makumi matatu apfuura.
Pamarara akarongwa akanyorwa mudhatabhesi, mapurasitiki ndiwo akanyanya kuwanda, nemabhegi epurasitiki kunyanya ari iwo tsime guru remarara epurasitiki.Mamwe marara aibva pazvinhu zvakaita serabha, simbi, huni nemachira.
Kusvika 89% yemapurasitiki ari muchidzidzo aishandiswa kamwe chete, ayo anoshandiswa kamwe chete obva araswa, semabhodhoro emvura epurasitiki kana tafura inoraswa.
Mariana Trench haisi gomba rakasviba risina upenyu, rine vagari vakawanda.Iyo NOAA Okeanos Explorer yakaongorora kudzika kwedunhu muna 2016 uye yakawana mhando dzehupenyu hwakasiyana, kusanganisira mhando semakorari, jellyfish uye octopus.Chidzidzo che2018 chakawanawo kuti zvikamu gumi nenomwe muzana zvemifananidzo yepurasitiki yakanyorwa mudhatabhesi yakaratidza imwe mhando yekudyidzana nehupenyu hwemugungwa, senge mhuka dzinopinzwa mumarara.
Plastiki inoshandiswa kamwe chete inowanikwa kwose kwose uye inogona kutora mazana emakore kana kupfuura kuti iore musango.Maererano neongororo yaFebruary 2017, kusvibiswa kwemvura muMariana Trench kwakakwira kune dzimwe nzvimbo pane dzimwe nzizi dzeChina dzakanyanya kusvibiswa.Vanyori vekudzidza vanoratidza kuti makemikari anosvibisa mumigero anogona kuuya muchikamu kubva mupurasitiki mumutsara wemvura.
Tubeworms (dzvuku), eel uye jockey crab vanowana nzvimbo pedyo nemhepo inopisa.(Dzidza nezvemhuka inoshamisa yePacific yakadzika hydrothermal vents.)
Nepo mapurasitiki achigona kupinda mugungwa zvakananga, senge marara akapeperetswa kubva kumahombekombe kana kurasirwa kubva muzvikepe, chidzidzo chakaburitswa muna 2017 chakawana kuti mazhinji acho anopinda mugungwa kubva kunzizi gumi dzinoyerera nemunzvimbo dzinogara vanhu.
Yakasiiwa magiya ekuredza zvakare ihombe yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, neongororo yakaburitswa munaKurume 2018 inoratidza kuti zvinhu zvacho zvinoumba yakawanda yeTexas-saizi Great Pacific Garbage Patch inoyangarara pakati peHawaii neCalifornia.
Kunyange zvazvo pane zvakajeka mapurasitiki akawanda mugungwa kupfuura ari muhombodo imwe yepurasitiki, chinhu chacho chave chashanduka kubva pakufananidzira kusina hanya kwemhepo kune muenzaniso wekuti vanhu vanokanganisa sei pasi.
© 2015-2022 National Geographic Partners, LLC.Kodzero dzese dzakachengetwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-30-2022